(1) 兴奋
thrill: suggests being pervaded by usually agreeably stimulating emotion that sets one atingle with pleasure, horror, or excitement: a ~ing detective story.      （thrill: to feel excited and happy兴奋喜悦，如the thrill of victory胜利的兴奋喜悦，如what a thrill it was to see the Queen见到女皇十分兴奋, 如I am so thrilled to see you见到你真高兴，如I'm not thrilled about/with your decision对你的决定我感到不高兴，如the thrill is gone from our marriage婚姻的兴奋感消失了，如a movie with a lot of thrills and chills充满惊险的电影=a move with a lot of exciting and scary parts兴奋刺激又令人害怕的电影=thriller惊险电影，thriller还表示惊险小说)    （tingle强烈地感到to feel an emotion strongly，如she was still tingling with excitement她仍然兴奋不已，如正文中atingle with pleasure/horror/excitement快乐/恐惧/兴奋不已）  pervade充满遍布to spread through

electrify: suggests a sudden, violent, startling stimulation comparable to that produced by an electric current: the news ~ied the community.   (如the world was electrified by his courage and resistance世人为他的勇气和反抗精神感到震惊，如he gave an electrifying performance=his performance electrified the audience他的演出令人激动不已，如electrified fences电篱笆)     (startling惊人让人震惊extremely unusual and surprising，如a startling discovery惊人的发现，如these myths have a startling likeness to one another这些神话彼此间惊人地相似）  

enthuse: implies an arousing or experiencing of enthusiasm: was ~d about the new vacuum cleaner.   （enthusiasm热情strong excitement and interest，如her enthusiastic supporters她的热情支持者，they were enthusiastic about the idea对那想法有热情，如his latest enthusiasm is sailing他最近热衷帆船，如a golf enthusiast高尔夫爱好者，如never showed much enthusiasm for sports从来对体育没多大热情）

thrill兴奋: 指强烈的（使人喜悦的）兴奋、恐惧或快乐感，electrify激动震惊通电: 指突然剧烈吃惊，好像被通电，enthuse热情: 指使人兴奋有兴趣

记忆方法: 1）兴奋的意思是令人兴奋mean to fill with emotions that stir or excite.


(2) 适度
moderate: stresses reduction of what is excessive without necessarily reaching an optimum: the sun ~d the chill.   （如while a moderate amount of stress can be beneficial, too much stress can exhaust you适度的压力是有好处的，但是压力太大会把人压垮，如we agreed to moderate our original demands我们同意降低我们原先的要求）    

qualify: emphasizes a restricting that more precisely defines or limits: ~ied her praise with some doubts about the project.    （I would qualify what I said我想具体解释一下刚说的话，表示想修饰限定之前的话，使语气缓和一些；语法中qualify等于modify，如in 'the open door', 'open' is an adjective qualifying 'door' 在the open door中，open是修饰限定door的形容词，如I agree without qualification=I agree completely不加限定，即完全同意）

temper: strongly implies an accommodating to a special need or requirement and is likely to suggest a counterbalancing or mitigating addition: ~ justice with mercy.
（来自词根TEMP表示混合to mix， 如temper脾气temperament性情tempest风暴，例句司法应当temper justice with mercy正义中带有怜悯（法外尚需施恩、宽猛相济），又如judges should temper justice with compassion法官需要正义中带有同情）

moderate适度: 指避免过度，qualify限定修饰: 指修饰限制以精准定义，temper调和相济: 指添加其它事物，以平衡缓解

记忆方法: 1）适度的意思是避免极端mean to modify so as to avoid an extreme or to keep within bounds.


(3) 轮流
rotate: which may be used of two or more, implies an indefinite repetition of the order of succession: farmers who learned to ~ crops.    rotate原义是旋转

alternate: which is referable only to two, implies repetition but does not carry as strong a suggestion of continuity as rotate: ~ heat and cold in treating a sprain.

rotate轮流轮值: 指两个或多个事物依次、无限期循环，alternate交替: 用于二个事物

记忆方法: 1）轮流的意思是依次接续mean to succeed or cause to succeed each other in turn.


(4) 使能
enable: implies provision of the means or opportunity to do something: a job that ~s them to live with dignity.   （如the system enables students to access class materials online系统使学生能在线访问课堂材料，如what enables the company to be successful是什么使公司成功，如the tax will enable the hiring of more teachers通过征税能招聘更多老师，如enable the computer's firewall使能计算机防火墙）

empower: refers to the provision of the power or the delegation of the authority to do something: a law which ~s the courts to try such cases.  （如changes in the workplace that will empower women职场变革将使妇女更有力量（或职权）， 如his attorney was empowered to act on his behalf授权他的律师代理，如例句法律授权法院审理这类案件）

enable使能够: 使有手段、机会做某事（provide提供），empower使有力、授权: 使有力量、权力

记忆方法: 1）使能的意思是使有能力做某事mean to make one able to do something.


(5) 助益
conduce: implies having a predictable tendency to further an end: a country setting that ~s to relaxation.    predictable可预测的    (further促进to help something to develop or be successful帮助发展或取得成功，如used the marriage to further his career利用婚姻促进他的事业，如they hoped the new venture would further the cultural cooperation in Europe他们希望这个项目将促进欧洲文化合作)         如an atmosphere (that is) conducive to learning=an atmosphere that makes learning easier有助于学习的环境

contribute: applies to one factor out of a group of influential factors that furthers an end or produces a result: their studies ~d much to our knowledge of the past.

redound: implies a leading to an unplanned end or state by a flow of consequences: such good results can only ~ to our credit.  

conduce助益促进: 指促进达成目标，contribute贡献: 同上，redound助益促进: 指进一步促进(词根RE 1、again 2、back)

记忆方法: 1）助益的意思是促进达成目标mean to lead to an end.    本组三个词根DUC/T表示to lead导致引导，TRIB表示to give给予，UND表示wave, flood波浪洪水